Shoemaking apparatus



Oct 23, 1951 H. w. COHEN ETAL SHOEMAKING APPARATUS 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 mman-D PMD-nz ./zmm 025m mol n Eug Filed March 7, 1947 uzmn om Oum mwOIm Oct. 23, 1951 H. w. COHEN ETAL sHoEMAKING APPARATUS 5 Sheets-Sheer?I 2 Filed March 7, 1947 ...Poom m mman-(m3 MOP Z13...

Oct- 23, 1951 H. w. COHEN ETAL SHOEMAKING APPARATUS 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed March 7, 1947' Oct. 23, 1951 H. w. COHEN ETAL SHOEMAKING APPARATUS 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed March 7, 1947 Oct. 23, 1951 H. w. COHEN ETAL 2,572,011

sHoEMAxING APPARATUS Filed March '7, 1947 5 sheets-Sheec 5 Patented Oct. 23, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE SHOEMAKING APPARATUS Harold W. Cohen and Isa Galper, Manchester,

N. H., assignors to Bee Bee Shoe Co., Manchester, N. H., a corporation of New Hampshire Application March 7, 1947, Serial No. 733,084

22 Claims. l

This invention consists in new and improved apparatus for manufacturing shoes by a continuous process in which the parts of the shoe are assembled and passed from one operator'to another along a streamlined track.

While some attempts have been made in the past to provide the shoemaking industry with apparatus for the streamline manufacture of shoes, the fact remains that none has come into general use and that practically all shoes are manufactured with the assistance of racks designed to hold 36 pairs of shoes and-pushed about the factory from one machine to another. The progress of all the shoes on the rack is therefore delayed while each shoe of the lot is taken from the rack, subjected to a machine or hand operation, and returned to the rack. For this reason the time during which the last must remain in the upper is made much longer than the time actually required for shoemaking purposes and the manufacturer is forced to the expense of an unnecessarily large number of lasts. For example, if the lasts of the operator are to remain for three days in his shoes, he must have three times as many lasts as his daily production of shoes. By employing the apparatus of our invention it is possible, for example, to reduce a requirement for 350 cases of lasts for a 160 case production to about 8 cases of lasts, and to make a reduction of as much as 40% in the man hours required for production over the requirements of conventional shoemaking. The employment of racks may be eliminated or they may be used only for storage purposes. Each operator is assigned a special operation of a simple and quickly performed character. The operators are lined up, each in a predetermined station, where his behavior is always under supervision. The shoes progressing through the apparatus are always visible and subject to convenient inspection. The factory erators, in combination with belt driving means acting continuously to urge the carriers by frictional Contact along the track in which they are mounted while permitting them to remain at rest in any convenient position and for any interval that may be necessary for the operator.

In this connection other features of the invention relate to means for arresting and spacing the carriers in their movement along certain portions of the track as, for example, where it may be desired to bring a secondary series of carriers into the system in alternate arrangement with a series of last carriers.

In general, the flow of work is carried out me chanically, the shoe being presented to each operator and held stationary in a position advantageous for the operation which he has to perform upon it. The shoe partsV are all scheduled and delivered so that no operator has to waste time in selecting from an assortment of sizes or shapes. Thus, in addition to a valuable saving of time, the possibility of mistakes is also eliminated or minimized.

The apparatus is so organized that it has great exibility, permitting longer or shorter delay at any station without holding up the general flow of work through the entire system. Thus the novel apparatus compares favorably with systems in which a shoe carrier is permanently attached to a belt or where a shoe has'to be removed from the spindle for each consecutive operation.

The apparatus includes a drying unit for cemented shoe parts designed to accommodate changes in humidity encountered in the ordinary operation of the apparatus. Preferably it includes a number of radiant heat lamps and its action may thus be regulated by changing the' number of lamps in action, by raising or lowering the lamps as a unit, or by regulating the speed of the conveyor belt and the consequent movement of the carrier units beneath the lamps.

These and other features of the invention Will be best understood and appreciated from the following description of a preferred embodiment thereof, selected for purposes of illustration and shown in the accompanying drawings in which:

Figs. 1, 3 and 5 together constitute a plan view of the apparatus,

Figs. 2, 4 and 6 together constitute a View in elevation,

Fig. 7 is a view in transverse section showing one of the4 last carriers and associated parts,

Figs. 8 and 9 are plan views illustrating mechanism for spacing the last carriers,

Fig. 10 is a view in elevation of the platform sole stand or carrier,

Fig. 11 is a view in perspective of an upper as it comes initially to one of the carriers,

Fig. 12 is a view in perspective of a platform sole,

y Figs. 13 and 14 are views in perspective of a Miam-13 pivotally mounted upon a lbracket'. securedj to the l rail I and arranged to be retracted through treadle connections 45. When the treadle is released, .the bolt 42 stands in the path of the spindles I4 and 34 and acts to arrest forward movement of the carriers and platform stands. In the normal operation of the apparatus the bolt 42 is held retracted so that the carriers and stands advance without obstruction at this point in their path.

Just beyond the bolt 42 is located spacing or escapement mechanism comprising a pair of plates 46-41 pivotally mounted on studs 48 and 49 set respectively in the rails |0 and II, and provided with springs 50 and 5| which tend to rock the plates inwardly at their right hand ends as shown in Figs. 8 and 9. The plates jointly form a square notch 52 at their forward ends and their inner edges diverge symmetrically and rearwardly. Both plates are shouldered at their left hand ends and beveled to provide an opening through which the spindles I4 or 34 may ypass with clearance.

lFrom an inspection of Figs. 8 and 9 it will be seen that as a spindle I4 passes into an opening between the plates 46 and 41, it gradually encounters the diverging edges of these plates and tends to force them apart as shown in Fig. 9. At the same time the rear ends of the two plates are swung together so that they form a positive stop for the next approaching spindle. That spindle together with its carrier is therefore arrested and held at rest until the advancing spindle I4 passes out from between the forward ends of the plates into the notch 52. When this occurs, the springs 50 and 5| immediately swing the right hand ends of the plates together, allow the closed ends of the plates to separate and thus release the spindle for further advancing movement. y

Next beyond the spacing mechanism is located a. spray booth, and due to the action of the spacing mechanism the carriers and stands are released for movement to and past the booth in separated or spaced condition. As they pass, the shoe bottom and the surface of `the platform sole are coated with cement by an operator equipped with a spray gun. The separation of the areas to be cemented facilitates this operation and if desired a mask may be employed to protect the areas which should be kept free of cement. The spray booth is provided with an exhaust connection 53 by which fumes incident to the cement are removed and the cementing operation made cleanly and healthful for the operator.

Next to the spray booth is provided an el ngated drying station comprising a plurality of infra-red electric lamps. These are conventionally represented in Fig. 2 and may comprise as many as nine banks of lamps of six lamps each, arranged to be raised or lowered or to be cut out of the operating circuit in varying numbers so as to control the heat to which the cemented surfaces are subjected in accordance with lvariation in humidity from day to day. The cement employed may be rubber latex dispersed in water or pyroxylin cement diluted by a solvent. The cemented surfaces must be partially dried before being brought into contact and this is accomplished by moving them slowly along the track beneath the infra-red lamps of the station marked uDryng-.n

As the carriers pass beyond the drying station they are inspected by an operator who adjusts the upper at the station marked Adjust Upper.

The shoes then pass to two operators at the station ,marked Spot Platform.l One of these operators takes the right platform sole from its stand 3110.813058 0I' aluallely 1002.065 1D upUIl Ene 0- 111e 1610 S1108 allplallollm mented sock mung. passes to tne seconder tnese operators wno periol'ms the second operation. ille pla tlorln stands are now empty but continue to advance between adjacent carriers to tne operator located opposite the inclined auxiliary track 39 at the station marked lteturn Platform Stand.

upper and sock lining IUI as they are presented by a stand and a carrier, respectively, to the operators at the Spot Platform station. At this stage the forepart binding strip |02 and the rearpart binding strip |03 have been stitched in inside-out condition to the sock lining |u| and extend downwardly and away from the platform sole.

.The next operation on the shoe is performed by the operator at the station marked Turn Heel Wrapper. He grasps the rearpart binding strip |03 and turns up upwardly about the margin of the platform sole |00. Preferably two operators take care of this operation, one working on the right shoe and the other on the left shoe.

The shoe now passes to an operator located at the station marked Turn Toe Wrapper who similarly turns the forepart binding strip |02 upwardly about the toe portion of the platform sole, and here again it is usually desirable to employ two operators, one for the right and one for the left shoe.

`Beyond these operators are located two operators at station marked Pull with Pliers" whose duty is to pull up the binding strip smoothly so that it shall conform to the marginal edge of the platform sole without wrinkling. The shoe then passes to operators located at the station marked Stapler at which staples |04 and |05 are inserted to form a permanent connection between the two parts |02 and |03 of the binding strip. The shoe now passes before a second spray booth 54 where the upper face of the platform sole is sprayed by a hand sprayer in a marginal zone inside the binding strip which now projects upwardly. vOn leaving the spray booth 54 the shoes are advanced to a second drying station 55 where the cement just applied is dried preparatory to having the binding strip folded upon it. Upon leaving the drying station 55 the carrier passes beyond the belt conveyor 26 and comes into range of a feederwheel 56 having spokes which engage the spindles- I4 of the carriers one after another and advance the carriers about the semi-circular end of theA track and to its return side where it is picked up by another conveyor belt 51 and advanced from right to left. Each spoke of the feeder wheel 56 has a spring section as indicated in Fig. 5 so that if the carriers are blocked for any reason in their movement, the spokes may yield and pass by the spindles. veyor belt 25 does not advance the carriers directly into the path of the feeder wheel 56 but acts to push one or two carriers along the main track until engaged by one of the spokes.- Sim-M The duty of thisoperator is to push the platform stands into the auxiliary track. As already explained, thesev It will be understood that the con` feedewheel `and the rst carrier-engaged byf-theVv conveyor belt-51 on-'the'return-sideof the track;

The partiallye completed -shoes-reaching `the feeder Wheel- 5V -havebeen `YthoroughlyWammed by-I their. passage through. -the two Ldryingstatici-rs` in-the maintrack and'it is desizable -to-coolthework. before subi ecting vit vto furthe-r -'operations.- Accordingly; a-blower 58'; or-1a--series bf lb1owers,- are arranged to -drect blasts of cold air `on the shoesA asA they` pass @alongl the vmain trackunder the "actuation of the Aconveyor-belt 51 -Insome cases it hasebeenfound advantageous lto-paSstl-ie coolingainovendry ice beforelitreaehes thework,

orrthrougha refrigerating-'unia I f The lpartially. iormeecl -shoes are noir/advancedto a stationmarkeet Lasting Maohines.-f -At this point three operators take successive shoes fromtheir- -spindles -and `present them rto coverilasting machines -.whichdraw the binding strips 4,02 -and ID3-upwardly .anch fold .them-over -upon -the cemented bottom of the .platform sole l 0i),A thus bringing the -shoe bottom Vvto lthe condition shown inilg.. 13...The .marginal edges ofthe/binding.

stripscare .pressed down smoothly -upon the sur face. of :.thedplatform sole and bonded by 'cement securely thereto. As shown in Fig. 3, these cover lastingsmachinesare :indicatedby reference characterg...

Uponileaving .the cover lasting.. machines it is tionmarkedffffbStation lress 16 l;` Here the bottom` of: each shoe :is .subjectedtosevere lpressure while the press makes four intermittents-rotary steps. Thisfoperationmakesa better` bondbetween-:the .Wrapper ,and .tha platform, .'lattensthe.A

bottom. of the shoe :preparatory to .receiving the outsole, .and squares ;the;edge .of the platform: sole.

thatimay havebeensdistorted inthe coveixlasting operation. y

Each shoe. on,= its last is :removedirom itszspin,

dle vasit reaches .the'sole pressingstationland f passes` through.r the machine under zpressure.

Upon delivery fromvthe press it is returnedtots. spindle, `and in 'some cases :ithas been foundpde-`A sirable at thattimeto-mark onfthe hottcm oizthe shoe the size of the-platformfsole which itcarries.

The shoes are next-:advanced to threebottom cementers-located-at stations 6l, being spacedat this point -by anescapement mechanism iZzsimi-l lar to the mechanism i6-4T already described. At .thesestations a thick-layer of cement is applied to the exposed surface of the platform sole and -to the inturnedv margins of the. binding strips. The cementat these stations may be applied by hand brushes or inany other convenient manner.

The carriers now A.advance with cementedsurfaces to a drying station E3 Ywhichin practice may comprise l2 to 14 banks'of lamps similar' tofthose already described. These are not shown indetail but-their location `isindicated in Figs. 1 and 3 and marked Drying Theyextend for substan-Y tial distance along the main-trackandthe car-A riers are advanced beneath them bythe action of fa .conveyor belt. Upon leaving 4the-drier.l the shoespass before an operator atstationfi whose duty it is vto"inspectthebottomsand .to press :down-J. any por-tions .ofthe wrapperwhich :have not been; adhesivelyy secu-red inflat condition. The. carriers are then advancedltoan operator at station-.- E5 designated f-Place Sole at which Stationen`l` outsolel of the proper size is placedfloosely' on-the bottornlof eachV shoe. The carriers now arrive at'y the sole-laying stationsl (i6-Where two operators-f adjust `and place the-soles accuratelyon the=cemented bottom of the shoes and cause therrr-to'-` adherelpreliminarily. As the carriers leave-the soleflaying-station theypass beyond the end-'of-l thef conveyor 4belt which -ha-s 'advanced them upA to thispointandarriveata second 4-stationsole press 6l.- Here the shoes are again removed-fromA theirfspindlesand 4placed `in the press. They are` advanced intermittently While held under-pres sure 'andthe outsole permanently bonded into the" shoe bottom.

Uponleavingthe sole press 61, 'eaclrshoeis-A placed entire-spindle' of its carrier-*and'advancedz to two"operators'at'stationS8-Where thetlasts are" pulle'ld; or rather 'the-'complete kshoe is removed from-the` lastnvhichthen remains on its spindle.' Atthis*point-the shoes'leave the track andare placed^on a rack in Which'they'are movedto'a` heel attaching machine', not shoWnin the' accomL panyi-ng'drawingsf kHere the heels' are attached; subsequently heel padsarednserted, Vlacings 4`or ornamentssuppliedythe Yshoes cleanedV `and brushed; advanced" toY nal inspection and packing.'-

Thev last carriers"'arev Vnovv npushed about the semi=circu-larf-endof the main trackl in Yreadiness for recirculation ina repetition* of the `sequence v' of operationsfabove'describedz It'v/ill be noted that `th'e-iorwardly"inclined switch track section 38 tends to advance'bygravity'thesole or plat-` form'carrier"-towardrtheemain track;

It will lie-understood that the'apparatus ofour' invention* is in no' sense `limitedA to production" of` shoes yof vthe-\spe'cictype shown'in--Figs 1l-15,-' but-'thatt'is `Well adapted toadvance partially formed' shoesbr Ashoe parts "'fromfstation to sta-k tion-.andto present them in convenientposition` and 'condi'tionfor `any shoemaking Voperation `required-or desired bythe manufacturer.

Havingl thusidisclosed our invention and de'-y scribed infdetail 'one illustrative embodiment thereof, wei-'claim as new -anddesire to secureby" Letters Patent:

l. Apparatus for making shoes -by Ycontinuous process, comprisingA a--main track, last carriersn eachprovidedfwth anfupstanding last spindle and beingmovablealong the track, an auxiliary track-supplementinga limited extent of the main track'andopeningat all times-into the main track; and-a-seriesof-sole carrierseach provided With'a nat-sole supporting V-fa'ce and being movable intervmittently about saidV auxiliary track and alter-` nating inthe -ma-in track With said last carriers. both the last carriers-'and the'sole carriers en-v gaging and beingvmovable inthe main track, and the lastcarriers being too long to enter the auxiliary track by width'wisefmovement.

2. Apparatus'for making-'shoes by continuous processgcomprising a main track, a serits of last' carriers'f-movab'le along said track, 'an auxiliary loop track leadingto `and from the main track at spaced points respectively, means for spacing the lastxcarrier's onk the main track 'preparatory to spraying shoe partsth'ereonya series of sole car-V riersfm'ovablesuccessively by the operator from thenloopf trackiinto'A alternate varrangement with respectztoothe last carrersspaced on the main- -"-t`rack, and la 'spray booth in which'shoe parts are presented for cementing by both series of oar- '3. Apparatus for making shoes by continuous process, comprisinga mainl track, a series of last carriers having rectangular plates engaged with andmovable freely along the main track, a loop track'leading from and into the main track, and

a series'of sole carriers having square plates engaged with and Amovable freely along the main Vtrack and movable at right angles out of the main track and into the loop track.

Y4i. Apparatus for the manufacture of shoes, including an elongated track having lopposed rails supported inconvenient height from the floor, a series of last carriers engaged with and freely movable along the rails of the track, being confined thereby against upward displacement and each having an upright last spindle, and a propeller belt running beneath the track in position to advance the carriers along the .track by frictional engagement therewith.

5. Apparatus for the manufacture of shoes, including an elongated horizontal track having opposed rails, a series of carrier members for shoe parts freely movable along the rails of the track and each having a flat base inter-tting with the track, anA upright supporting spindle and a downwardly projecting Vcontact member, a pro- 'peller belt running beneath the track, and a series of'pu'shers mountedon the belt and including a spring l-pressedball movable into engage- 'ment with the contact members of said carrier members.

6. Apparatus for making shoes by continuous process, comprising a fixed rail providing a horizontal track, a series of carriersY for shoe parts engaged with and guided upon the track for longitudinal movement, a propeller belt running beneath the track, frictionally acting contact devices carriedby the belt,- and a movable device located near the track and under control of the operator for positively interrupting movement of said carriers.

'7. Apparatus for making shoes by continuous process, comprising a xed rail providing a horizontal track, a series of carriers for shoe parts engaged with and guided for longitudinal movement upon the track, Va propeller belt running adjacent to the track and arranged to advance the carrierssubstantially in contact with each other and by frictional contactand a pivoted plate actuated by the carriers for intermittently arresting themovement of each carrier and then releasing it after an interval measured by the movementwof the preceding carrier.

' '8'. Apparatusformaking shoesby continuous process, comprising a horizontally disposed stationary track having opposed longitudinal slots therein, a series of last carriers having rectangular bases movable in said slots, a series of sole carriers having bases of different dimensions also movable in said slots, and a belt associated with the track and having yielding means acting continuously and frictionally to advance both series of carriers along the track the last carriers being relatively long and thus alfording substantial working space about lasted shoes thereon while the sole carriers are relatively short and so economize space in the track.

9. Apparatus for making shoes by continuous process, comprising a main track supported at a predetermined level, last carriers engaged with and movable along saidtrack, a'looptrackfdlsposed in part at a higher level? than the' kmain A track and communicating at 'all times therewith at spaced points through the medium of inclined branches, and sole carriers engaged with and movable both along the main track in alternation with the last carriers'and in contact with each other along said loop track'.

10. Apparatus for making shoes by continuous process, comprising a track, last carriers movable along the trackand each including Va spindle for holding a last in predetermined position thereon,

a belt for frictionally advancing said carriers, a

spray booth adjacent to' the track, and escapementl mechanism for spacing apart the "individual carriers'on thev track before'tlie'y'v arrive at the spray booth. 1l. Apparatus for making shoes by continuous process, vcomprising a track, a series of last carriers movable along the' track, a" belt associated with the track for frictionally advancing the Carriers, escapement mechanism for temporarily arresting successive carriers as advanced by the belt and Vreleasing them in spaced v'relationfa spray booth adjacent to the track before which the said carriers are advanced in spacedv relation, and a bank of drying lamps disposed above'the trackY beyond the spray booth'.

12. Apparatus'for making shoes by continuous process, comprising fixed horizontally disposed rails having opposed guideslots and providing an endless; loop-shaped track'having end sections of` semi-circular contour, a series oflast carriers each comprising 'a 'rectangular base having an upstanding last spindle and being movable along the trackl thesaidbases having a sliding nt with the track, awheel at one end of the track, rotatable about a' vertical 'axis' and having radial spokes located in'pos'ition to engagesucc'essive last spindles for advancing 'the carriers 'about a side portion of the track having yielding means for advancingr thel carriers in av straight linepath.

13.y Apparatus for making shoes by 'continuous process. comprising an endless track, a seriesjf carriers each provided 'with a 'spindle'forholding a lasted shoe with its bottom uppermost and being movable along the track in sliding engagement therewith, a spray' booth, drying lamps and a cold air blower 'located adjacent to Hthe track to function successively upon partially completed shoes presented bv the carriers in their movement along `the track. Y

14. Apparatus vfor making'shoes by continuous process, comprising an endless track having v opposed horizontal guide slots, aseries of Ilast car;- riers each including a base'plate freely`, slid ablje at its opposite edges in the slots ofthe ,said track,

Sand mechanical means foradvancing the carriers along the track, the track having at one point in its length slots leading from the said horizontal slots and inclined with respect thereto, whereby selected carriers may be removed from circulation.

15. Apparatus for the manufacture of shoes, comprising fixed spaced rails providing a horlzontal track, a series of abutting carriers corresponding in width to the width of the track and being movable along the track and each having a projecting contact member, a belt driven in a path adjacent to the track, and a series of yielding pushers mounted on the belt and spaced apart by distances which are different from a multiple of the distance between the contact members of consecutive carriers.

:then individual; carriers "by: 'frictional' contacts whilef permittingv 'any` ofh them to" stand at rest "crest-'upon the-track-'fwhenffits^`free passage is obfstrxzeted;l and-a movable fstop vunder manual ccntrolzffor#positivelyfarresting any selected Vcarrier VA-at: afpredetermined-,zpoint ton Athe track.

fI7.-Shoemakingapparatus comprising'an elonz-fgatedf-track-"f having .opposed Y-horizontal grooves therein, a series of carriers,having'rectangular fffbases'slidingfwith 'their opposite 'edges'- in said ...grooves and` having upstandingfiastspindles, `and .-'a propeller-belt -drixzen in ar- `patlrbeneath the carriers: inftbetrack-andj-rfhaving spaced yielding .contact f membersf acting Pto engage-fand advance thencarriers--fromf timeV to ^time 'whilethe latter fare-maintained'at a' predeterminecrlevel V`by the rsa-idf track.

- v:1B: :Shoemakingr apparatus' comprising a main traeie'and' afloop track' opening' into'the main track at spa-ced points' andMbctl'r tracks'having opposefif.` grooves .f-Isnaced feouailv f and uniformly f-threuahouttheir-length; a seriesA of last carriers li rectangular lbases fitting Athe grooves of .the main-track rforlonvitudinalfm ovem ent` thereinf and -heing lorwferL thanv the Ywidth of "the loop .track :wherebv thev are prevented Afrom passing ltransversely into itfandafseries of soleI carriers `havingsquare fbases lfitting both the grooves Tof thef-rnainf-track and 'ithoseof :the loop track;

.:119: Shoemaking f--apparatus "comprising a .grooved .ftrackf.extending-'horizontally in a `fixed position aseries'of-fspindleffcarrying` plates movable along- /ther grooves.; off f the track; a propeller .belt forfyieldi-nglyfadvancing ythe plates substantiall-yf. in contact with-each otheryand escape- .mentzmemberspivotal-ly-- lmounted' yto Ayield 'out- -iwardlyf-.on oppoeitesidcs of-the1track and having vbevi-:ledfaccssmeetng in -thepatlr of the 'spindles ',wherebythey. ma-ybre4 foreedinto arresting position-by therpassage ofi successive spindles.

,Apparatus. for makingshoes -by continuous processi comprising inner `and outer# endless '.trackslof the-same -..effective width, the inner track being disposed-in partwithin the-outline of the outer track. supplementing-'it infpartf and .leadinginta it,.atfboth-ends -atfr-ight angles; in

1 y:innen tra oki-by,-` movementfatgright `angles:tc-:the `outer track.

21. vShoe making apparatus. comprising, a ytrack having parallel side-zvrails with opposedgrooves, a shoe carrier comprising a rectangular'plate 1 sldablyfitting; infsaid1 groovessandrzheld' at, arpredetermined levellthereby, a contactmember-fast Vto thev` .underside of ythe plate, Y a4 rpropeller-fbelt movable .in 7 apath lparallel to 1thetrack:and below the same, ,a series of-contact lmembers carried-,by thabelt, and lyieldii-igly supporteelninposition .to engage thep contact z member of theiplate, :and

, spring means.resisting-.depression-.of said contact members.

., 22.,Y Shoemaking; apparat-,listas ldefined,4 in claim ,21.,in.which a-last spindle proiects` upwardlyfrom each carrier. plata; and:- thefcontactfmember; fast totheunderside. ofthe platelocated alignment y.with and. below tha-spindle.: and vserves@ to 20L. secure. it.. togthe. plate.

combinationf..with. `two ser-ies of.L rectangular -car riersior ishoepartsfthe carriers of-both series ,.being,eq.ua1.in width aridthecarr-iers in' the outer track being rlonger .thanrthose-.on-the inner track 4 whereby they; arepreventedfrom ventering' the HAROLD COI-IEN'. f .,ISA: GALRER.

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